When should a tail walker be used during towing operations?

A tail walker is essential during towing operations when the aircraft is turned sharply or backed into position. This role is crucial because the tail of the aircraft can swing out in unexpected directions during these maneuvers, posing a significant hazard to ground personnel and equipment. The tail walker provides guidance and ensures the safety of the operation by monitoring the movement of the tail, alerting the tow team to any potential danger that may arise from the aircraft's movement. This focus on safety during complex maneuvers minimizes the risk of accidents and protects personnel working in the vicinity of the aircraft. In contrast, using a tail walker during straight towing paths or routine checks would not be necessary, as these scenarios typically involve lower risk and do not require additional personnel for safety monitoring.